Moreover, the carbon atom has a +4 charge, and each selenium atom has a -2 charge. The reason behind the same is equal charge distribution among the participating atoms that do not leave any dipole moment behind. Nonpolar molecules are those where no separation of charge takes place within the participating atoms. This situation is not common in carbon diselenide (CSe2) as it is a nonpolar molecule. It is this dipole cloud that is responsible to accept shared pair of electrons. Polarity occurs when there is an unequal charge distribution among the participating atom which leaves dipole moment behind on the atom. The nearby valence electrons tend to attract the positive end to create a dipole cloud at one end within an atom. It is a property that makes an atom a magnet having separate positive and negative ends. Polarity is a behavior with which a molecule attracts a shared pair of electrons. It is because of the linear geometry that cancels out the overall dipole moment on the molecule. It is a known fact that molecules which are arranged linearly are always nonpolar in nature. It is because the sigma bond is forming between the selenium and carbon atoms, the whole structure is in symmetry. We know that head-on overlapping is always stronger than lateral overlapping hence, they play a crucial role in determining the structure of a molecule. The sigma bond is head-on overlapping whereas the pi bond is lateral overlapping. The double bond forming between the selenium and carbon atom has one sigma bond and one pi bond. Moreover, there is an equal number of lone pairs of electrons on selenium atoms which further do not support any deviation from the ideal situation. The structure of any molecule any be studied with the help of the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory.Īccording to it, all the molecules are arranged symmetrically to exert an equal force of attraction and repulsion.ĭue to this equal force, all the molecules are arranged at equal distances from one another. It is so because all the participating atoms are arranged in a straight line to form the bond angle of 180°. Molecular Geometry of Carbon Diselenide (CSe2)įrom the Lewis structure of carbon diselenide, it is clear that this triatomic molecule has linear geometry. Some need to expand their shell to accommodate more number whereas, some needs only two valence electrons in total. It may surprise you that many groups within the periodic table deviate from this rule. It is because each molecule wants to reach the electronic configuration of the noble gas. The valence electrons tend to stabilize their octet by allowing a maximum of eight of them within the outermost shell. Why are valence electrons a maximum of eight? Step 4: Type of bond-forming in carbon diselenide (CSe2) molecule – It is a double bond between each selenium and carbon atom set.įollow all the aforementioned steps to draw the final Lewis structure of the carbon diselenide molecule: It is because the central atom needs to undergo a maximum number of bond formations. Another reason can be that the element with the lowest electronegativity value becomes the central atom. Step 3: The central atom in carbon diselenide molecule – It is carbon as the element present as the single entity becomes the central atom. Step 2: The number of valence electrons further required to stabilize the molecule – It is 8 as four are required by the carbon atom and two are required by each selenium atom. Step 1: The number of valence electrons already available in one carbon diselenide molecule – It is 16 as four are coming from the carbon atom and 12 are coming from two selenium atoms. Steps to Draw the Lewis structure of carbon diselenide (CSe2) In addition to this, their valence electrons are 4 and 6. So, their electronic configurations are 1s2 2s2 2p2 and 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p4. These are carbon and selenium whose atomic numbers are 6 and 34. Two elements are participating to produce one carbon diselenide molecule. It is because these electrons are located farthest from the nucleus, they do not experience a strong force of attraction. The valence electrons are those present in the outermost shell of an atom that participates in the bond formation. With the need to complete all the shells and stabilize themselves, an atom either shares or donates the valence electrons. It is known that the formation of a bond takes place when the valence electrons of the participating atoms come in contact with one another. The Lewis dot structure is the starting point to understand the behavior of a compound at the molecule level. To sum it up! Lewis Structure of Carbon diselenide (CSe2)
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